Ethylene Glycol

HOCH₂CH₂OH · 62.07 g/mol

HOCH₂CH₂OH

Antifreeze, polyester intermediate, and heat transfer fluid

Molecular Weight

62.07 g/mol

State

Liquid

Catalyst

None (thermal) or Acid/B

Reactor

Plug flow reactor with h

Ethylene Glycol molecular structure — 2D structure

Olefinverbund Integration

Inputs

Ethylene Oxide, **Water** (Feedstock)

→

Product

Ethylene Glycol

→

Outputs

Polyethylene Terephthalate, Antifreeze

Chemistry & Engineering

Reaction	`C₂H₄O + H₂O → HOCH₂CH₂OH`
Thermodynamics	Exothermic hydration
Catalyst	None (thermal) or Acid/Base
Reactor class	Plug flow reactor with high water ratio to prevent polymerization
Note	Excess water evaporation is the main energy cost.

Applications

Antifreeze and coolant
PET polyester production (with terephthalic acid)
Heat transfer fluids
Deicing fluids

Extraterrestrial Production Pattern

Ethylene oxidation to ethylene oxide (Ag catalyst)
Hydration of ethylene oxide with water
Thermal or catalytic hydrolysis at 150-200°C
Multi-effect evaporation for purification

Reaction Diagram

C2H4O + H2O -> HOCH2CH2OH

Unit Operations

Process steps following chemical engineering unit operation principles

#	Operation	Description
1	EO/Water Mixing	Mix ethylene oxide with excess water (10:1)
2	Hydrolysis	Thermal or catalytic hydrolysis at 150-200°C
3	Dehydration	Multi-effect evaporation to remove water
4	MEG Distillation	Vacuum distillation to separate MEG from DEG/TEG
5	DEG Recovery	Recover diethylene glycol as co-product
6	Product Finishing	Final purification and quality control

S88 Batch Control Model

ISA-88 BatchML schema — simplified for educational purposes

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ISA-88 Batch Control Model for Ethylene Glycol -->
<!-- Educational schema - simplified for demonstration -->
<BatchML xmlns="http://www.wbf.org/xml/B2MML-V0600">
  
  <ProcessCell ID="MEG_PLANT_CELL">
    <Description>Process cell for Ethylene Glycol production</Description>
    
    <Unit ID="MEG_PLANT">
      <Description>Main synthesis unit</Description>
      
      <!-- Equipment Modules -->
      <EquipmentModule ID="MIXER">
        <Description>Mixer</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="REACTOR">
        <Description>Reactor</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="EVAPORATOR">
        <Description>Evaporator</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="MEG_COLUMN">
        <Description>Meg Column</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="DEG_COLUMN">
        <Description>Deg Column</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="PRODUCT_TANK">
        <Description>Product Tank</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
    </Unit>
  </ProcessCell>
  
  <MasterRecipe ID="MEG_PLANT_RECIPE">
    <Description>Master recipe for Ethylene Glycol</Description>
    <ProductID>ETHYLENE_GLYCOL</ProductID>
    
    <UnitProcedure ID="MEG_PLANT_UP">
      <Description>Unit procedure for synthesis</Description>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_01">
        <Description>Operation 1</Description>
        <Phase ID="MIX">
          <Description>Mix phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_02">
        <Description>Operation 2</Description>
        <Phase ID="HYDROLYZE">
          <Description>Hydrolyze phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_03">
        <Description>Operation 3</Description>
        <Phase ID="EVAPORATE">
          <Description>Evaporate phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_04">
        <Description>Operation 4</Description>
        <Phase ID="DISTILL_MEG">
          <Description>Distill Meg phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_05">
        <Description>Operation 5</Description>
        <Phase ID="RECOVER_DEG">
          <Description>Recover Deg phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_06">
        <Description>Operation 6</Description>
        <Phase ID="FINISH">
          <Description>Finish phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
    </UnitProcedure>
  </MasterRecipe>
  
</BatchML>

Process CellPhysical grouping of all production equipment

UnitMajor equipment performing the synthesis

Equipment ModulesIndividual devices: reactors, columns, absorbers

PhasesLowest control level: REACT, SEPARATE, PURIFY

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