Ferric Chloride

Molecular Structure

Molecular Details

Molecular Formula	FeCl₃
Molecular Weight	162.20 g/mol
State	Solid at standard conditions

Olefinverbund Integration

Chemistry & Engineering

Reaction Equation	2Fe + 3Cl₂ → 2FeCl₃
Thermodynamics	Highly exothermic
Catalyst System	None
Reactor Class	Chlorination vessel
Process Considerations	Corrosive.

Extraterrestrial Production Pattern

1. Fe + Cl₂ → FeCl₃ (direct chlorination)
2. Fe₂O₃ + 6HCl → 2FeCl₃ + 3H₂O
3. Oxidation of ferrous chloride solution
4. Evaporation for solid or concentrated solution

Applications

• Water and wastewater treatment (flocculation)
• PCB etching
• Pigment manufacturing
• Catalyst

Reaction Diagram

Overall Reaction: 2Fe + 3Cl2 -> 2FeCl3

Unit Operations

Process steps following chemical engineering unit operation principles:

Step	Operation	Description
1	Iron Preparation	Prepare iron scrap or granules
2	Chlorination	Direct chlorination at 650-700°C
3	Sublimation	Sublime FeCl₃ from reaction zone
4	Condensation	Condense FeCl₃ vapor
5	Dissolution	Dissolve in water for liquid grade
6	Concentration	Concentrate to 40% FeCl₃ solution

S88 Batch Control Model

This module follows the ISA-88 (S88) batch control standard. Below is a simplified BatchML schema for educational purposes:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- ISA-88 Batch Control Model for Ferric Chloride -->
<!-- Educational schema - simplified for demonstration -->
<BatchML xmlns="http://www.wbf.org/xml/B2MML-V0600">
  
  <ProcessCell ID="FERRIC_CHLORIDE_PLANT_CELL">
    <Description>Process cell for Ferric Chloride production</Description>
    
    <Unit ID="FERRIC_CHLORIDE_PLANT">
      <Description>Main synthesis unit</Description>
      
      <!-- Equipment Modules -->
      <EquipmentModule ID="FEEDER">
        <Description>Feeder</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="CHLORINATOR">
        <Description>Chlorinator</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="SUBLIMER">
        <Description>Sublimer</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="CONDENSER">
        <Description>Condenser</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="DISSOLVER">
        <Description>Dissolver</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
      <EquipmentModule ID="EVAPORATOR">
        <Description>Evaporator</Description>
      </EquipmentModule>
    </Unit>
  </ProcessCell>
  
  <MasterRecipe ID="FERRIC_CHLORIDE_PLANT_RECIPE">
    <Description>Master recipe for Ferric Chloride</Description>
    <ProductID>FERRIC_CHLORIDE</ProductID>
    
    <UnitProcedure ID="FERRIC_CHLORIDE_PLANT_UP">
      <Description>Unit procedure for synthesis</Description>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_01">
        <Description>Operation 1</Description>
        <Phase ID="PREP_FE">
          <Description>Prep Fe phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_02">
        <Description>Operation 2</Description>
        <Phase ID="CHLORINATE">
          <Description>Chlorinate phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_03">
        <Description>Operation 3</Description>
        <Phase ID="SUBLIME">
          <Description>Sublime phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_04">
        <Description>Operation 4</Description>
        <Phase ID="CONDENSE">
          <Description>Condense phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_05">
        <Description>Operation 5</Description>
        <Phase ID="DISSOLVE">
          <Description>Dissolve phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
      
      <Operation ID="OP_06">
        <Description>Operation 6</Description>
        <Phase ID="CONCENTRATE">
          <Description>Concentrate phase</Description>
          <PhaseLogic>
            <Step ID="STEP_1"><Action>Initialize</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_2"><Action>Execute</Action></Step>
            <Step ID="STEP_3"><Action>Complete</Action></Step>
          </PhaseLogic>
        </Phase>
      </Operation>
    </UnitProcedure>
  </MasterRecipe>
  
</BatchML>

**Key S88 Concepts:**
- **Process Cell**: The physical grouping containing all equipment for this process
- **Unit**: The major equipment that performs the synthesis
- **Equipment Modules**: Individual pieces of equipment (reactors, columns, etc.)
- **Unit Procedure**: The sequence of operations to produce the product
- **Phases**: The lowest level of procedural control (e.g., REACT, SEPARATE, PURIFY)

Key S88 Concepts:
• Process Cell: Physical grouping containing all equipment
• Unit: Major equipment performing synthesis
• Equipment Modules: Individual pieces (reactors, columns, etc.)
• Phases: Lowest level of procedural control (REACT, SEPARATE, etc.)

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This Synthesis Module is part of the 100chemicals Olefinverbund — an integrated chemical production network designed for extraterrestrial civilization on Moon and Mars.